基于改进Renyi熵的运动目标图像提取仿真

运动目标图像提取有助于通过计算机视觉实现复杂变化背景下的图像细节分析,现有图像提取方法通常针对某一类图像作为研究对象,致使应用场合受到一定限制。针对运动目标图像的提取应用,提出了改进Renyi熵的运动目标图像提取方法。首先利用直方图对运动图像的YCbCr颜色概率进行估算,根据图像YCbCr颜色计算Renyi熵,然后设计相应的目标函数来确定阈值,并结合中值处理提高算法的抗噪声性能,最后对颜色的Y、Cb与Cr通道分割得到原始中心点,利用迭代处理更新中心点,并搜索出像素的边界阈值,从而实现运动目标图像的提取。通过仿真,分别从提取时间、计算熵值、以及目标图像识别率多个方面进行比较验证,证明了提出的改进Renyi熵的运动目标图像提取方法能够有效应对运动图像复杂多变的背景,提高了处理速度与提取准确度,具有较好的抗干扰能力。     

Mid-scale biocemented soil columns via enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP)

Biocemented soil columns were created at a reduced scale (mid-scale) using enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) as a prelude to field scale deployment. Approximately 0.3 m diameter × 0.75 m long columns were created using a tube-à-manchette grouting technique in 0.6 m × 0.6 m × 1.2 m boxes filled with a dry washed quarry sand. Treatment solution composition and treatment protocol, including number of cycles of treatment and time interval between cycles, were established based upon laboratory testing. The urease enzyme used in the treatment solution was extracted from jack beans in a just-in-time manner on site. The biocemented soil columns were characterized in situ using shear wave velocity, needle penetrometer and pocket penetrometer testing, dimensional measurements, and by unconfined compression strength (UCS) and carbonate content measurements on specimens recovered from the columns. The in situ measurements indicated the target UCS of 500 kPa was achieved. However, the UCS tests on recovered specimens had inconsistent results, which may be attributed to sample disturbance. Overall, the results demonstrate that EICP is a viable method for creating biocemented soil columns for ground improvement.     

Dynamic response of a beam to the train of moving forces driven by an Erlang renewal process

Dynamic response of a beam to a random train of moving forces moving with the same velocity is considered. Unlike a widely used Poisson process model, a more adequate Erlang renewal process is used as a process driving the train of forces. Normal-mode approach is used to convert the problem into that of a renewal driven train of general pulses. Consequently the modal responses are the filtered renewal processes and are expressed as integrals with respect to the response to a single pulse (passage of a force) and to the increments of the counting renewal process. The expressions for the mean values and cross-correlations of modal responses are obtained as single and double integrals, respectively. The results are presented in terms of the renewal density of the underlying Erlang counting process. Mean value and variance of the mid-span deflection of the beam are determined by numerical evaluation of the pertinent integrals. Numerical analysis is carried out for the Erlang processes with integer parameter $k=2$, $k=3$ and 4 and, for comparison, also for a Poisson process. Different traffic conditions such as the velocity and the mean arrival rate of vehicles are taken into account.     

长沙市区岩土体工程地质特征

在收集大量勘察资料的基础上，结合勘察工程实践，对长沙市区岩土体地质特征及工程性能进行了系统地归纳总结，并提出了该地区岩土体主要物理力学性质指标经验值。     

不同厚度覆盖土层下超浅埋顶管施工引起地表变形分析

超浅埋顶管工程施工技术对管顶覆盖土层扰动影响大，易对覆盖土层产生有害变形，甚至可能引发路基路面结构破坏。超浅埋顶管的覆盖土层对扰动变形敏感。目前对其研究主要停留在施工经验阶段，因此有必要从理论上对顶管施工引起的土体扰动和地表变形规律进行研究．以便估计施工对周围环境的影响及其危害的程度。从而采取有效的防治措施，避免施工病害发生。本文以重庆市主城区捧水工程南滨路段顶管施工为依托。对顶管施工引起的土体扰动和地面变形进行了数值模拟分析，得出不同厚度覆盖土层顶管施工引发的覆土层变形规律。     

数值计算在矿山地压灾害安全评价中的应用

地压灾害在矿山伤亡事故中占绝对比重。通过对地压活动规律及其灾害表现形式的分析,采用三维有限元法对某铁矿岩体稳定性进行数值模拟计算,得出地压灾害活动规律并进行了安全分析,进一步提出了预防地压灾害的技术措施。     

基于端元提取的高光谱影像特定目标识别

高光谱遥感影像中特定目标的识别与提取实际上是从背景图像中有效提取所需目标的过程。“纯净”波谱终端单元（端元,Endmember）选择的结果能有效地描述只含有单一纯粹物质的像元点。高光谱处理技术能够基于真实的物理模型进行波谱提取、比较分析、识别目标。结合AVIRIS高光谱影像实例,分析了高光谱遥感影像n维空间里的单形体理论,运用影像灰度值定标可为反射率、最小噪声分离（MNF）、纯净像元指数（PPI）、终端单元选择、n维散度分析、波谱角度度制图（SAM）等高光谱数据处理技术实现对特定目标的识别与提取。